Chronology of nobels
| Date | Name | Discovery | Nobel |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electron diffraction | |||
| 1897 | JJ Thomson | Electron discovery cathode ray tube | 1906 |
| 1924 | De broglie | Electron wavelength | 1929 |
| 1927 | Davisson,Germer | Electron interference (reflection) | 1937 |
| GP Thomson,Reid | Electron interference (transmission) | 1937 | |
| 1928 | Bethe,Sommerfeld | Dynamical 2-beam theory | 1947 |
| 1930 | Mott NF | Electron scattering by atoms | 1975 |
| 1932 | Ruska | Microscope lenses | 1986 |
| Binning | Scannning Tunneling microscope | 1986 | |
| Crystallography | |||
| 1830 | Miller (1801-1880) | Identification of macroscopic crystal types | |
| 1850 | Bravais (1811-1863) | Theory of 14 crystal lattices | |
| 1891 | Fedorow,Schonflies | Theory 230 space groups | |
| 1912 | Laue | X-ray diffraction | 1914 |
| 1912 | Bragg | Bragg's law and structure | 1915 |
| Biology | |||
| Perutz,Kendrew | first protein | 1962 | |
| Watson | DNA | 1962 | |
| Hodkings | B12 | 1964 | |
| Klug | Electron crystallo | 1982 | |
| Hautpman,Karle | direct methods | 1985 | |
| Ramakrishmann | ribosome | 2009 |
Methods
| Short | Method | characteristics | application |
|---|---|---|---|
| EELS | Electron Energy Loss spectroscopy | Inelastic scattering low energy | Mean free path, Composition detection(plasmon,...) |
| RHEED | Reflection High energy Electron Diffraction | 5-30 keV large angle | Surface structure MBE,PLD |
| CBED | Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction | ||
| SEM | Scanning Electron Microscopy | Surface Imaging | |
| TEM | Transmission Electron Microscopy | 100keV | Imaging |
| STM | Scanning Tunneling Microscope | ||
| STEM | Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy | ||
| ADF | Annular dark field microscopy | ||
| EDX | Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy | ||
| EELS | Electron Energy Loss spectroscopy |